Characteristics and Methods of Optical Fiber and Cable Communication Transmission Media

With the progress of optical communication, you may have many doubts about the characteristics and methods of optical fiber and cable communication transmission media. If you don't understand, you can find some answers from the knowledge points in this article. Let's take a look at optical fiber and cable communication transmission. The characteristics and methods of the medium.

Fiber optic cable communication

1. Intrinsic: It is the inherent loss of the fiber, including: Rayleigh scattering, intrinsic absorption, etc.

2. Bending: When the optical fiber is bent, part of the light in the optical fiber will be lost due to scattering, resulting in loss.

3. Squeeze: The loss caused by the slight bending of the optical fiber when it is squeezed.

4. Impurity: the loss caused by impurities in the fiber absorbing and scattering the light propagating in the fiber.

5. Non-uniformity: The loss caused by the non-uniform refractive index of the optical fiber material.

6. Docking: The loss generated when the optical fiber is docked, such as: non-axial (the coaxiality of single-mode fiber is required to be less than 0.8 μm), the end face is not perpendicular to the axis, the end face is not flat, the butt core diameter does not match, and the welding quality is poor.

7. Multimode fiber: the central glass core is thick (50 or 62.5μm), which can transmit light of various modes. But its intermodal dispersion is large, which limits the frequency of transmitting digital signals, and it will be more serious with the increase of distance. For example: 600MB/KM fiber has only 300MB bandwidth at 2KM. Therefore, the distance of multimode fiber transmission is relatively short, generally only a few kilometers.

8. Single-mode fiber: the central glass core is thin (the core diameter is generally 9 or 10 μm), and only one mode of light can be transmitted. Therefore, its intermodal dispersion is very small, which is suitable for long-distance communication, but its chromatic dispersion plays a major role, so the single-mode fiber has higher requirements on the spectral width and stability of the light source, that is, the spectral width should be narrower and the stability should be better. .

9. Conventional optical fiber: The optical fiber manufacturer optimizes the optical fiber transmission frequency on a single wavelength of light, such as 1300 μm.

10. Dispersion-shifted optical fiber: The optical fiber manufacturer optimizes the optical fiber transmission frequency on two wavelengths of light, such as: 1300 μm and 1550 μm.

11. Mutant fiber: The refractive index from the center core of the fiber to the glass cladding is abrupt. It has low cost and high intermodal dispersion. It is suitable for short-distance low-speed communication, such as industrial control. However, due to the small intermodal dispersion of single-mode fiber, the single-mode fiber adopts abrupt type.

12. Gradient fiber: the refractive index from the center core of the fiber to the glass cladding gradually decreases, so that the high-mode light can propagate in a sinusoidal form, which can reduce the dispersion between modes, increase the bandwidth of the fiber, and increase the transmission distance, but the cost is high. Now Most of the multimode fibers are graded fibers.

The above is a detailed introduction to the characteristics and methods of optical fiber and cable communication transmission media. I hope we can understand more about it. ZR Cable focuses on the research and development and sales of optical fiber communication products. Optical communication products include fiber optic cables and optical fibers that meet the standards. Jumpers, mpo/mtp data centers, optical fiber distribution frames, etc., you can buy all optical communication products in one stop at ZR Cable.