Talking about how four types of optical cables meet the needs of indoor integrated wiring

The current information technology can no longer meet people's needs, and people's requirements for information communication networks are getting higher and higher. In addition, the indoor optical cable is a transmission medium of the integrated wiring system engineering. With the rapid development of FTTB and FTTH technology, the indoor optical cable is used in the integrated wiring system of the building (including the horizontal and vertical wiring systems). widely used.

Due to the special indoor environment, the indoor optical cable must meet the requirements of toxicity, corrosiveness and low smoke level in the standard while maintaining very good flame retardancy, mechanical properties and light transmission properties. The lifting of optical cables between floors in vertical systems, the narrow space application of communication cabinets in horizontal systems, the application of optical fibers to the desktop, and the application of communication through high-pressure air-filled spaces all put forward different requirements for indoor optical cables.

ZR Cable four types of optical cable

This is a more critical issue in choosing the right optical cable. Today, I will learn about it with you.

First of all: It is recommended to choose tight-buffered optical fibers for indoor optical cables. At present, most indoor optical cables use tight-buffered optical fibers or single-core cables as the basic unit, reinforced by aramid yarns, and flexible optical cables with flame-retardant or non-flammable sheaths. There are also plastic optical fibers used as indoor wiring cables, but this product has not been widely used.

Advantages of the tight-sleeve fiber design: the tight-sleeve is integrated with the fiber, providing good mechanical protection, so that the fiber exhibits good compression and bending resistance during termination; good flexibility and toughness, small bending radius ; Good environmental protection, improve the service life of the optical fiber; Excellent moisture-proof function; The tight buffer layer is easily stripped to the optical fiber core; Compatible with all standard types of connectors; Simplifies the termination procedure and reduces the cost of termination.

Compared with the loose tube design, the loose tube uses ointment to buffer and moisture-proof the optical fiber, and the ointment has no fire resistance. This is far from meeting the indoor fire safety requirements. Moreover, the flame spreads along the fiber optic cable, extending the damage to the fiber optic cable deep into the wall and into the pipe. During installation, a large amount of cleaning materials and a large amount of grease cleaning time are required. At the same time, a connection method is required, and the material cost is greatly increased. The tight-buffered fiber design and flame-retardant or non-flammable jacket of the indoor optical cable make the indoor optical cable fully meet the requirements of indoor safety applications.

The outer protective materials used for indoor optical cables include PE, PVC, polyurethane, low smoke halogen free material, flame retardant PE, etc. Indoor optical cables with different outer sheathing materials can be used in environments with different requirements. Therefore, indoor optical cables with tight-buffered optical fiber design are generally used in indoor high-performance communication transmission applications.

So which optical cables are generally selected for integrated wiring?

1. Anti-rat optical cable: Single-core or multi-core tight-buffered optical cable protected by stainless steel hose has strong lateral pressure resistance, bending resistance, high tensile strength, and excellent anti-rat performance. It can be used in situations where trampling occurs, such as under carpets or where limited space requires frequent bending or rodent infestation.

2. Vertical lift optical cable (Riser): After the optical cable enters the building, it is necessary to provide the connection between the entrance equipment, equipment room or computer room and the communication cabinets on different floors, which is called "vertical wiring system". At this time, the wiring optical cable is mostly located in the vertical pipe (Riser) of the shaft between floors. For this reason, the optical cable needs to withstand a greater tensile force (maximum self-weight).

3. Optical cable for inflatable environment (Plenum): In indoor applications, when the optical cable needs to pass through the transmission pipeline, high-pressure inflatable space or air handling system to transmit information, it is necessary to use the Plenum grade indoor optical cable. This special use environment puts forward more stringent requirements on the flame retardancy and corrosion resistance of the optical cable.

Therefore, the tight sleeve material and outer sheath material of the indoor optical cable used are more strict, the tight sleeve is PVC material, and the outer sheath material is UL certified PVC material with flame retardant added or hard fluoropolymer. Engineered with PVC over fluoropolymers. Because PVC is soft, easy to bend, and has no inventory traces, it can be stored in a circle.

4. Single-core or double-core interconnected indoor optical cable (Interconnectcable): tight-sleeve single-core, tight-sleeve 8-figure double-core, tight-sleeve 2-core to 4-core circular structure indoor optical cable because of the tight sleeve with very good flexibility The structure and high load-bearing aramid yarn surrounds the tightly sleeved optical fiber. The optical cable has small structure size, good flexibility, can withstand a small bending radius, and has no inventory traces. Ideal for interconnecting fiber optic cables from telecommunication cabinets to indoor wall dropouts, dropouts to transceiver applications, etc.

They directly carry standard connectors, and play the role of interconnection between optical end devices and trunk (vertical) optical cables in communication cabinets, distribution boxes, protection boxes, and equipment boxes. This type of optical cable is convenient and easy to install in a limited space, and becomes an ideal network cable solution for limited space wiring and flexible cords in buildings.

Furthermore, we must pay attention to:

1. When the optical fiber ribbon cable is used to enter the building, the matching indoor optical fiber ribbon cable (fiber ribbon + aramid yarn + PVC sheath structure) can be selected.

2. When laying underground pipes and ceilings in the equipment room, a reinforced structure can be used. For example, PE or PU sheath can be used on the basis of cable distribution, or aluminum-PE sheath can be used on the basis of scattered cable structure. set structure, etc.

3. When the distribution cable adopts metal armored sheath, it can be used for overhead and direct buried laying.

4. In the occasions with high requirements on toxicity and smoke emission, low smoke halogen free (LSZH) material can be used as the outer sheath.

5. When the PU sheath is used, it has good resistance to friction, scratches and chemical erosion, and can be used for emergency, emergency repair and military optical cables.

Finally, with the rapid development of science and technology, the pace of building smart cities will be greatly accelerated, and the technology of integrated wiring system will gradually improve to meet people's needs for intelligent life.