How to configure the number of optical modules and pigtails of the device

With the development of technology, technology continues to strengthen electricity, and human life is becoming more and more intelligent. Smartphones, smart speakers, smart TVs, smart homes, etc. are all highly intelligent tools. The fourth industrial revolution, known as the age of intelligence, is also known as Industry 4.0.

To achieve high intelligence, it is inseparable from the development of high-speed networks. The network is the exchange of information. The basic connection to provide these information exchanges is the optical fiber and the optical module. The optical fiber is the highway, and the optical module is like every toll station on the highway. After coming out, you have to slow down. The network cable is like the first-class, second-class, and third-class roads in the city, and the speed is fast or slow.

If you want to use Category 7 cable, you want to use Category 5 cable for cheap. The question is, the optical fiber, the optical signal, the network cable, the electrical signal. How do they connect and communicate with each other? Who is the bridge between them? It is the optical module, which can convert electrical signals into optical signals. It is an electronic source device that can convert optical signals into electrical signals. It is the most intuitive to use a photoelectric converter. You will find that the photoelectric converter is connected to an optical fiber at one end and a network cable at the other end.

The principles of optical modules and photoelectric converters are similar. Today, I will talk about how to prepare optical modules and pigtails in weak current engineering?

Optical modules and pigtails

1. Classification of optical modules

First, let’s talk about some of the most commonly used optical modules. Now, most of them are single-mode optical modules, and multi-mode optical modules are used less. Today, we mainly talk about single-mode optical modules. Optical modules are divided into 155M/622M/1.2/2.12 according to the rate. /4.25G/6G/8G/10G, and the latest 100G optical module, which is said to be used for 5G networks. 1.25G and 10G are used more in the market now. The transmission distance is 1KM/2KM/5KM/10KM/15KM/20KM/30KM/40KM/50KM, and the most used transmission distance in the market is 5KM and 10KM.

Don't look at this small optical module, it is very expensive. The genuine products from regular channels such as optical modules are very expensive. For a 1.25G optical module, the official channel can get at least 500 yuan or more, 10G is even more expensive, 1000 Above RMB, if you buy a 1.25G optical module online for no more than 60 pieces of the same brand, and a 10G optical module does not exceed 150 pieces, the same can be used without any problems.

I remember when the operator started 4G. At that time, 4G used 10G optical modules. Since the optical modules themselves are small, it is easy to lose them. The editor lost several at that time. I still remember that the leaders at that time repeatedly emphasized that the optical module should not be lost. It was very expensive when it first came out, and it cost more than 2,000 yuan. At that time, I was scared and worried for several days. Later, I checked this model on a mobile phone, and it was more than 100 points. It was not as scary as the leader said, and I instantly calmed down.

Optical modules are basically mainly LC, with single-fiber and double-fiber points. When the core resources are not very sufficient, a single-fiber optical module can be used. Yes, fiber jumpers are also fast and convenient, which are used less frequently and are more expensive.

The most used optical modules are dual-fiber cores. The optical module needs two LC layer fibers when the optical module receives and transmits. Therefore, this kind of light alignment is more troublesome. It is necessary to check whether the two ends have received and received light. A group of two people, these two do not run back and forth, need to match some optical equipment, such as red light pen, optical power meter, it is best to use a walkie-talkie where there is no signal to facilitate communication.

2. How does the equipment distribute the light module

A switch (provided that it is designed to use optical fiber transmission) is equipped with two optical modules. Why, because the optical fiber is at both ends, the end point (aggregation layer switch) uses an optical module, and the starting point (core) also needs to be One optical module is used, except for stacking. Therefore, a set of switches needs to be equipped with two optical modules. This is the optical mode configuration of weak current switches.

The communication 3G or 4G network is also equipped with the same configuration, but the device names are different. The communication signal devices are called BBU and RRU. For details, please refer to the previous article, which introduces the communication-related equipment. The BBU is equivalent to the core switch. The functions of these two devices are complete. Different, RRU is equivalent to aggregation switch. The optical modules are all the same as LC two-core optical modules, which are all the same.

3. How to prepare optical module pigtails

Let's talk about the commonly used models of lower layer fibers: LC-LC; LC-FC; LC-SC; FC-FC; FC-SC; SC-SC, etc. These are the more commonly used models. There are also pigtail lengths: 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 meters, the most commonly used are 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 meters, the length is according to the equipment and ODF box distance is determined.

The number of pigtails depends on what optical modules are used. There are two single-core optical modules, and four if they are dual-core optical modules. The mainstream is still dual-core optical modules, and two core switches and two aggregation switches are added. There are 4 pieces. Intelligent engineering basically uses LC-LC pigtails, and LC-FC pigtails are also used. There are many flanges of this kind of fiber optic disk, which is easy to find in the market and convenient for later maintenance and replacement.

The configuration of BBU and RRU pigtails for communication 3G/4G is also the same. There are 2 BBU and RRU each, adding up to 4. Basically, they all use dual-fiber cores, and the pigtail type LC-FC used for communication equipment.

Finally, let’s talk about the pigtail, because the pigtail is basically used on the equipment, and it is very close to the equipment. 3m/5m/10m are used the most. When matching pigtails, it must be well matched. If the pigtails are too long, the pigtails are piled in the cabinet or ODF box, which is ugly. If they are too short, they cannot be routed along the lines. Flying fibers are also ugly, and the distance is just the best.

There is another possibility that pigtails may be used. The optical cable does not go directly from the start point to the end point. This is equivalent to an extra jump point. Normally, two fiber optic splitter boxes need to be fused, so fiber jumpers are needed here. , If the optical module is a two-fiber type, two jumpers are required in the middle of the two split lines, and they are connected to form a jump point. In this case, the commonly used jumper is FC-FC. of. Another problem with pigtails is that they are easily damaged, or the optical attenuation is too large, which will make them unusable. Therefore, when reporting layer fibers, add about 1% more to ensure the loss of layer fibers.